due process cane be define as the established procedures and practices that ensure fair and lawful handling of business operations and disputes.

1. Operation: Ensures that all procedures are carried out systematically and according to established rules.


2. Fairness: Guarantees that decisions are made impartially, giving all parties a fair chance to present their case.


3. Openness: Promotes clear and accessible processes, allowing everyone to understand and review decisions.


4. Respect for the Rule of Law: Adheres to legal standards and regulations, ensuring all actions comply with the law.


5. Accountability: Holds decision-makers responsible for their actions and ensures decisions are explained.


6. Consistency: Applies rules uniformly to ensure fair treatment and avoid arbitrary decisions.

1. Without transparency and probity, there is a higher risk of corrupt practices, such as bribery and fraud.


2. Poor accountability can result in mismanagement of resources, leading to inefficient use of funds and assets.


3. Stakeholders may lose confidence in the organisation if processes and decisions are not transparent or accountable.


4. Lack of adherence to legal and regulatory standards can lead to legal penalties and compliance problems.


5. Ineffective and opaque processes can hinder decision-making and operational efficiency.


6. Absence of probity can encourage unethical behaviour and reduce overall integrity within the organisation.

1. Create and enforce clear rules and procedures for ethical behaviour and operations.


2. Make information about decisions and finances open and easy to access.


3. Use regular checks and audits to ensure everything is done correctly and to spot problems early.


4. Promote a culture of honesty by providing training and leading by example.


5. Clearly define roles and responsibilities, and hold people accountable with fair consequences for misconduct.