Computer ergonomics refers to the science of designing and arranging computer equipment and the work environment so that users can work comfortably, safely, and efficiently.

It focuses on how people sit, type, look at the screen, and handle computer devices to avoid injury or strain.

In simple terms, computer ergonomics helps you to use the computer in a comfortable and healthy way.

Computer ergonomics is very important because it helps to:

1. Prevent body pain and injury, such as back pain, neck pain, and eye strain.


2. Improve comfort while using the computer.


3. Increase efficiency and productivity at work or school.


4. Reduce fatigue and stress during long computer use.


5. Promote good posture and healthy working habits.


6. Ensure safety when using computer equipment.

To practice good computer ergonomics, you should follow these guidelines:

1. Sit properly on a chair with your back straight and supported.


2. Keep your feet flat on the floor or on a footrest.


3. Place the monitor at eye level to avoid bending your neck.


4. Keep your wrist straight while typing on the keyboard.


5. Maintain a comfortable distance from the screen (about 50–70 cm).


6. Ensure good lighting in the room to prevent eye strain.


7. Take short breaks (about 5–10 minutes every hour) to rest your eyes and body.


8. Use an adjustable chair that supports your back properly.


9. Avoid sitting in one position for too long.


10. Arrange your desk neatly so that all devices are within easy reach.

When sitting at a computer:

1. Keep your head upright and not tilted.


2. Your eyes should be level with the top of the monitor.


3. Your shoulders should be relaxed.


4. Your arms should form a right angle (90°) when typing.


5. Your back should be supported by the chair.


6. Your knees should be slightly lower than your hips.


7. Your feet should rest flat on the floor or on a footrest.

If you do not follow ergonomic rules, you may experience:

1. Back and neck pain due to poor sitting posture.


2. Eye strain or headache caused by improper screen distance or lighting.


3. Wrist pain (carpal tunnel syndrome) due to wrong keyboard or mouse use.


4. Shoulder pain caused by poor arm position.


5. Fatigue and stress from long, uncomfortable sitting.


6. Reduced productivity and concentration.


7. General body discomfort or injury over time.

Computer maintenance means taking proper care of the computer system and its parts to keep it in good working condition and prevent damage.

It includes cleaning, checking, repairing, updating, and protecting the computer and its accessories.

Computer maintenance can be grouped into three main types:

1. Preventive Maintenance
   This involves taking steps to prevent problems before they occur.
   Examples include cleaning the computer, using antivirus software, and protecting it from power surges.


2. Corrective Maintenance
   This involves fixing problems after they occur.
   Examples include repairing faulty parts or reinstalling corrupted software.


3. Predictive Maintenance
   This involves checking the system regularly to detect early signs of faults before they become serious.
   Examples include running diagnostic tests or monitoring system performance.

Computer maintenance is important because :

1. it helps to Prolong the lifespan of the computer.


2. it helps to Prevent unexpected breakdowns.


3. it helps to Improve computer performance.


4. it helps to Protect data and files from loss.


5. it helps to Save money on repairs or replacements.


6. it helps to Keep the computer clean and safe to use.


7. it helps to Ensure efficient and smooth operation.

Here are simple maintenance practices you should follow:

1. Keep liquids away from the computer to prevent damage.


2. Cover the computer with a dust cover when not in use.


3. Shut down the computer properly after use.


4. Use a UPS or voltage stabilizer to protect against power surges.


5. Clean the keyboard, mouse, and monitor regularly using a soft cloth.


6. Avoid eating near the computer to prevent crumbs or spills.


7. Do not expose the computer to direct sunlight or heat.


8. Install antivirus software and update it regularly.


9. Back up important files to an external drive or cloud storage.


10. Allow proper ventilation around the computer to avoid overheating.

1. Monitor: Clean with a soft, dry cloth. Avoid using water or chemicals.


2. Keyboard: Turn upside down to shake out dirt and dust; clean gently.


3. Mouse: Clean the surface and sensor regularly.


4. System Unit: Wipe the casing with a dry cloth and ensure good air flow.


5. Printer and Scanner: Clean regularly and keep covered when not in use.


6. Cables and Plugs: Arrange neatly to avoid tangling and breakage.

1. Install antivirus software to protect against malware.


2. Update operating system and applications regularly.


3. Delete unused files and programs to free up space.


4. Defragment the hard drive occasionally to improve performance.


5. Back up important data regularly.


6. Avoid downloading from untrusted sources.


7. Use licensed software only.

Hardware Maintenance Tools:

1. Soft brush and dry cloth


2. Blower or vacuum cleaner


3. Screwdriver set


4. Multimeter (for checking electrical flow)


5. Antistatic wrist strap

Software Maintenance Tools:

1. Antivirus software


2. Disk cleanup utility


3. Disk defragmenter


4. Backup utility


5. System restore

1. Always switch off and unplug the computer before cleaning.


2. Do not open internal parts if you are not trained.


3. Avoid using water or harsh chemicals to clean components.


4. Ensure the working area is dry and well-ventilated.


5. Use only recommended tools for cleaning or repairs.


6. Keep cables arranged properly to avoid tripping.


7. Handle all components gently and carefully.


8. Avoid exposing the computer to magnetic materials.

Computer Ergonomics	Computer Maintenance
Focuses on user comfort and safety.	Focuses on caring for the computer system.
Prevents health problems.	Prevents computer problems.
Deals with sitting posture, lighting, and workstation setup.	Deals with cleaning, repairing, and protecting the computer.
Improves user productivity.	Improves system performance.
Involves correct positioning and behavior.	Involves technical and physical care of hardware and software.

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Summary

1. Computer ergonomics is the science of designing the computer workspace for comfort, safety, and efficiency.


2. Computer maintenance means taking care of the computer to keep it working properly.


3. Ergonomics prevents body injuries, while maintenance prevents system breakdown.


4. Both are essential for safe, healthy, and effective computer use.