1. Account Management: Managing savings and current accounts, like opening a savings account with GTBank.


2. Loans: Offering personal and business loans, such as getting a mortgage from Access Bank.


3. Payment Services: Handling transfers, bill payments, and mobile payments, like using the FirstBank app to pay utility bills.


4. ATM Services: Cash withdrawals and checking balances, such as withdrawing cash from Zenith Bank ATMs.


5. Digital Banking: Access to banking through online platforms and mobile apps, like using UBA’s mobile app for transactions.


6. Foreign Exchange: Exchanging currencies and handling international transactions, like buying dollars at FCMB for travel.


7. Agency Banking: Providing banking services through agents in local communities, such as using a POS agent to deposit money into a Fidelity Bank account.

1. Fraud and Corruption: Cases where bank staff collude with fraudsters to steal customers' money, such as incidents involving employees manipulating accounts or engaging in insider fraud.


2. Data Privacy Violations: Poor protection of customer data, leading to breaches where personal and financial information is exposed, as seen in some Nigerian banks where data has been leaked or misused.


3. Unfair Lending Practices: Charging high interest rates, hidden fees, or discriminating against certain borrowers, like microfinance banks imposing excessive charges on small businesses or low-income individuals.


4. Misleading Information: Banks providing false or unclear details about their products, such as advertising low loan rates without disclosing hidden costs, causing customers to misunderstand the real terms.


5. Money Laundering: Banks failing to report suspicious transactions, which facilitates the laundering of illegal funds, as seen in cases where banks have been used to channel proceeds of crime.


6. Conflicts of Interest: Prioritising products that benefit the bank more than the customer, such as pushing high-fee investment options that may not be in the client’s best interest.


7. Poor Customer Service: Many customers face long queues, unresponsive service, or unresolved complaints, particularly in rural branches of major banks like First Bank or Access Bank.


8. Excessive Charges and Fees: Hidden charges for basic services, such as unexpected fees for ATM withdrawals or maintaining accounts, which are frequent complaints against many Nigerian banks.


9. Lack of Financial Inclusion: Limited access to banking in rural areas, leaving many Nigerians without basic banking services, as seen in the scarcity of bank branches in remote communities.


10. Unethical Debt Recovery: Use of aggressive methods to recover debts, like harassment or public shaming, often reported with some microfinance institutions in Nigeria.