• Clothing care means taking proper steps to keep clothes clean, neat, and in good condition so that they last long.


• It involves washing, drying, ironing, storing, and mending clothes and household linen.

1. Makes them last longer.


2. Saves family money (less replacement).


3. Keeps clothes neat, clean, and attractive.


4. Protects family health by removing dirt, germs, and stains.


5. Improves self-confidence and appearance.


6. Prevents wastage of resources.

Household linen refers to fabric items used in the home for comfort, decoration, and cleanliness.

• Bed linen – sheets, pillowcases, blankets, duvets.


• Table linen – tablecloths, napkins, tray covers.


• Kitchen linen – aprons, kitchen towels, oven gloves.


• Bathroom linen – towels, face cloths, bath mats.


• Curtains and draperies – window and door coverings.

1. Wash clothes and linen regularly according to fabric type.


2. Remove stains immediately.


3. Dry clothes properly (coloured clothes in shade, white clothes in sun).


4. Iron neatly to remove wrinkles.


5. Mend tears, loose buttons, or broken zips quickly.


6. Store clothes and linen in clean, dry cupboards.


7. Use insect repellents (like camphor or mothballs) to prevent damage.

1. Washing – Using soap, detergents, or water to remove dirt.


2. Drying – Hanging or spreading clothes in sun or shade depending on fabric.


3. Ironing/Pressing – Using a hot iron to smoothen clothes.


4. Mending/Repairing – Fixing loose hems, buttons, or zips.


5. Storing – Folding, hanging, or keeping clothes and linen in wardrobes or boxes.

• Equipment – buckets, basins, drying lines, pegs, iron, ironing board.


• Materials – soap, detergents, bleach, starch, water, stain removers.

• Stains should be treated immediately before washing.


• Use the right method for each type:


• Ink stains → soak in milk or use salt and lemon.


• Oil/grease stains → apply talcum powder, then wash.


• Blood stains → wash with cold water.


• Fruit stains → use salt and rinse well.

1. Store in dry, clean cupboards, boxes, or wardrobes.


2. Keep frequently used linen (towels, sheets) within easy reach.


3. Fold table linen neatly.


4. Store blankets in moth-proof bags.


5. Use camphor, mothballs, or dried neem leaves to prevent insect attack.

• A blouse is a woman’s upper garment, usually loose-fitting, worn with a skirt or trousers.
• It can have different styles of sleeves, collars, and necklines.

• Bust – around the fullest part of the chest.


• Waist – around the waistline.


• Shoulder width – from one shoulder to the other.


• Back length – from the shoulder down to the waist.


• Arm length – from shoulder to wrist (if it has sleeves).


• Neck circumference – around the base of the neck.

Fabric, brown paper (for pattern drafting), tape measure, rulers, scissors, pins, needles, sewing machine, thread, pressing iron.

• Take accurate body measurements.


• Draft the blouse pattern on brown paper.


• Cut fabric according to the pattern.


• Tack and join pieces (front and back).


• Insert darts or gathers for shaping.


• Attach sleeves, facings, or collars.


• Neaten raw edges and hem the blouse.


• Press neatly for good finishing.

1. Neckline (round, V-shape, square, etc.)


2. Darts (for shaping at bust or waist).


3. Sleeves (short, long, puff, etc.).


4. Hemline (bottom finishing of the blouse).


5. Fastenings (zip, hooks, buttons).

1. Sleeveless blouse – without sleeves.


2. Short-sleeve blouse – with short arms.


3. Long-sleeve blouse – covers the arm up to the wrist.


4. Peplum blouse – has a flare attached at the waist.

• Wash according to fabric type.


• Iron properly to maintain neatness.


• Store in a clean wardrobe, either folded or on a hanger.


• Mend loose hems, zips, or buttons immediately.

• A skirt is a woman’s or girl’s garment that hangs from the waist and covers the lower part of the body, partly or fully down the legs.


• Skirts come in different lengths (short, knee-length, long) and styles (straight, pleated, flared, etc.).

• Waist circumference – around the smallest part of the waist.


• Hip circumference – around the fullest part of the hips.


• Waist to hip length – vertical distance from the waistline to the hip.


• Skirt length – from the waist down to the desired length.

Fabric, brown paper, tape measure, scissors, pins, sewing machine, thread, zip or buttons, pressing iron.

1. Take accurate measurements (waist, hip, length).


2. Draft the skirt pattern on brown paper using the measurements.


3. Cut the fabric according to the drafted pattern.


4. Join the side seams (leaving space at the back for zip).


5. Fix darts at the waistline to give shape.


6. Attach waistband neatly around the waist.


7. Insert fastenings such as zip, hooks, or buttons.


8. Neaten raw edges using hemming or bias finishing.


9. Hem the bottom of the skirt to the required length.


10. Press thoroughly at each stage for neatness.

1. Straight skirt – narrow and straight from waist to hem.


2. A-line skirt – fitted at waist and hips, widens gradually towards hem.


3. Flared skirt – wide and flowing at the bottom.


4. Pleated skirt – has folds or pleats.


5. Gathered skirt – has fabric gathered at the waistline.

• Wash and iron according to fabric type.


• Store neatly in a wardrobe (folded or hung on hangers).


• Mend loose hems, zips, or buttons immediately.


• Avoid over-stretching the waistband.

• A sleeve is the part of a garment that covers the arm.


• It is usually attached to the armhole of a blouse, dress, or shirt.


• Sleeves protect the arms and also add beauty and style to clothing.

1. Arm length – from shoulder to wrist.


2. Round arm (bicep) – around the fullest part of the upper arm.


3. Wrist circumference – around the wrist.


4. Armhole depth – from the shoulder to the armpit.

Fabric, tape measure, rulers, brown paper, scissors, pins, sewing machine, thread, pressing iron.

1. Take accurate sleeve measurements (arm length, round arm, wrist).


2. Draft the sleeve pattern on brown paper using the measurements.


3. Cut fabric according to the drafted sleeve pattern.


4. Join the underarm seam neatly.


5. Fix gathers, tucks, or pleats if the style requires it.


6. Attach the sleeve carefully into the armhole of the blouse or dress.


7. Neaten raw edges with hemming or overlocking.


8. Hem the lower edge (wrist end) neatly.


9. Press at every stage for a smooth finish.

1. Short sleeve – ends above or at the elbow.


2. Long sleeve – covers the arm up to the wrist.


3. Puff sleeve – full and gathered at top or bottom.


4. Bell sleeve – wide and flares out like a bell.


5. Raglan sleeve – extends in one piece to the neckline.


6. Cap sleeve – small, just covering the shoulder tip.

• Wash and iron according to fabric type.


• Press sleeve seams and hems properly to keep them neat.


• Repair loose stitches or torn underarm seams quickly.


• Hang or fold carefully to prevent wrinkling.