1. Office Practice: This represents the core activities that keep an office functional. It involves organizing, filing documents, and coordinating communication to ensure the smooth operation of administrative tasks.


2. Commerce: This is the study of trade and the exchange of goods and services. It delves into the mechanisms of buying, selling, and the distribution channels connecting producers and consumers.


3. Bookkeeping: This focuses on the meticulous recording of financial transactions. It involves creating records such as journals and ledgers to monitor a business's income and expenses accurately.


4. Shorthand: This is a system of rapid writing where symbols represent words or sounds. It is primarily used for dictation, allowing efficient and quick note-taking.


5. Keyboarding: This refers to mastering the skill of typing on a keyboard with speed and accuracy. It emphasizes hand coordination and is essential for operating computers effectively.