Drug and substance abuse is the harmful or excessive use of chemical substances in a way that negatively affects an individual’s physical, mental, and social well-being.

1. Alcohol


2. Tobacco (cigarettes, chewing tobacco)


3. Inhalants (glue, petrol, aerosols)


4. Prescription medications misused (painkillers, sedatives)


5. Illegal drugs (cannabis, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine)

1. Physical Health Effects:

1. Weakens the immune system.


2. Damages vital organs such as the liver, kidneys, and lungs.


3. Impairs growth and development, especially in adolescents.

2. Mental Health Effects:

1. Can lead to depression, anxiety, and emotional instability.


2. Impairs judgment, concentration, and memory.


3. May cause behavioral changes such as aggression or withdrawal.

3. Social Effects:

1. Strains relationships with family and friends.


2. Leads to poor academic or work performance.


3. Increases likelihood of engaging in criminal or antisocial behavior.

1. Peer pressure and influence from friends.


2. Stress, emotional problems, or coping with trauma.


3. Curiosity or desire to experiment.


4. Family challenges such as lack of supervision or broken homes.


5. Easy accessibility of substances.

Role of Family:

1. Educate children about the dangers of harmful substances.


2. Monitor activities, friendships, and social interactions.


3. Encourage involvement in sports, hobbies, and constructive activities.


4. Establish clear rules and guidance for behavior.

Role of Schools:

1. Teach drug awareness and healthy lifestyle habits.


2. Provide counseling and support for at-risk students.


3. Organize extracurricular programs that promote engagement and discipline.

Role of Community:

1. Regulate the availability of harmful substances.


2. Conduct public awareness campaigns on the risks of drug abuse.


3. Support rehabilitation centers and recovery programs.

1. Seek help from qualified health professionals such as counselors or psychologists.


2. Engage in structured rehabilitation programs for substance dependence.


3. Peer and family support are crucial during recovery.


4. Early intervention improves outcomes and reduces long-term harm.

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Summary

Drug and substance abuse is the harmful use of substances that negatively affect physical, mental, and social health. Common examples include alcohol, tobacco, inhalants, prescription drugs, and illegal drugs. Prevention through education, family guidance, and community support is essential to protect adolescents and promote healthy living.