An accident is an unexpected and unplanned event that happens suddenly and causes harm to people, damage to property, or loss of life. Accidents occur without warning and can happen anywhere — at home, in school, on the road, or in the workplace. They are usually caused by carelessness, ignorance, or failure to follow safety rules.

Safety is the state of being free from danger, harm, or injury. It involves taking steps to prevent accidents and protect people, property, and the environment from damage. Safety means obeying rules, using things the right way, and avoiding risky behaviours.

1. Home Accidents – These are accidents that occur in and around the home. Examples: burns from hot water, cuts from sharp objects, falls from slippery floors, electric shocks, poisoning from chemicals, etc.


2. School Accidents – These are accidents that happen in the school compound or during school activities. Examples: injuries during sports, falls from playground equipment, cuts from broken glass, laboratory explosions, etc.


3. Workplace Accidents – These happen where people work. Examples: falls from ladders, injuries from machines, electric shocks, exposure to dangerous chemicals, etc.


4. Road Accidents – These are accidents that happen on the road. Examples: motor vehicle collisions, motorcycle crashes, pedestrian knockdowns, bicycle accidents, etc.


5. Other Accidents – Such as fire outbreaks, drowning, building collapse, natural disasters, etc.

1. Carelessness and negligence.


2. Over-speeding and reckless driving.


3. Failure to obey traffic rules.


4. Poor maintenance of equipment or vehicles.


5. Playing in dangerous places.


6. Lack of protective equipment.


7. Ignorance of safety rules.


8. Overcrowding in public places.

1. Prevents loss of lives and property.


2. Reduces injuries and suffering.


3. Saves money on medical bills and repairs.


4. Promotes peace of mind and comfort.


5. Encourages productivity and efficiency.


6. Protects the environment from damage.

1. Keep floors dry to prevent slipping.


2. Keep sharp objects out of children’s reach.


3. Store chemicals and medicines safely.


4. Turn off electrical appliances when not in use.


5. Do not overload sockets.

1. Avoid rough play.


2. Obey teachers’ instructions.


3. Handle laboratory equipment with care.


4. Wear appropriate gear for sports.


5. Keep classrooms and surroundings tidy.

1. Obey traffic lights and road signs.


2. Do not over-speed.


3. Use pedestrian crossings.


4. Avoid drunk driving.


5. Wear seatbelts and helmets.

1. Wear safety boots, helmets, and gloves.


2. Keep tools and machines in good condition.


3. Follow safety instructions strictly.


4. Avoid distractions while working.


5. Report hazards immediately.

First Aid is the immediate help given to an injured or sick person before professional medical treatment is available. First aid can save lives, prevent conditions from worsening, and speed up recovery.

1. Stay calm and call for help


2. Stop any bleeding by applying pressure.


3. Keep the injured person still.


4. Do not move the person unnecessarily if there is a broken bone or neck injury.


5. Use clean materials to cover wounds.

1. Report accidents immediately to the appropriate authority (parents, teachers, supervisors, police, etc.).


2. Give clear information about what happened.


3. Take note of time, place, and persons involved.