Bead work is the art of creating decorative items by stringing or arranging small objects called beads. Beads are tiny pieces made from materials like plastic, glass, wood, metal, seeds, or shells. Bead work is commonly used in making jewellery, bags, belts, decorative clothing, table covers, curtains, and even cultural costumes.

In Nigeria, bead work has a long history. It is commonly seen among traditional rulers, brides, dancers, and cultural performers, especially among the Yoruba, Benin, Igbo, and Ijaw people.

1. Beads – Small, colourful objects used for decoration; they come in various shapes, sizes, and materials (glass, plastic, wood, etc.).
2. Fishing line / Nylon thread – Strong transparent or coloured string used to hold the beads together.


3. Beading wire – A thin, flexible metal wire used for firmer bead designs like bracelets or necklaces.


4. Needle – A small tool that helps in passing thread through tiny bead holes.


5. Scissors – Used for cutting thread or wire neatly after beading.


6. Clasps and hooks – Metal fasteners used to lock or close bracelets and necklaces.


7. Rubber band – Used in making stretchy bead designs like wristbands.


8. Measuring tape / Ruler – Used to measure the length of thread or the size of the bead work.

1. Glass beads – Shiny and colorful, used for fine jewellery.


2. Plastic beads – Light and cheap, good for beginners or children's work.


3. Wooden beads – Natural and traditional-looking.


4. Seed beads – Very small beads, often used in fine or detailed work.


5. Stone beads – Heavy and solid, often used for ornaments or cultural pieces.

1. Stringing – Passing thread or wire through beads in a straight or patterned line.


2. Weaving – Using more than one thread to create patterns or shapes.


3. Knotting – Making knots between beads for decoration or strength.


4. Twisting – Twisting strands of beads to create stylish designs.


5. Looping – Forming bead loops for earrings, charms, or pendants.

1. Select your beads – Choose colours, shapes, and sizes that suit your design.


2. Cut the thread or wire – Measure the correct length depending on what you want to make.


3. Thread the needle – If using a needle, pass the thread through it.


4. Arrange and string beads – Start adding beads to your thread in your chosen pattern or style.


5. Fix the ends – Tie a knot or attach clasps/hooks to secure your work.


6. Inspect and finish – Check your design for neatness, trim extra thread if needed.

1. Making jewellery like necklaces, bracelets, and earrings.


2. Decorating clothing and traditional attire.


3. Producing bags, belts, and slippers.


4. Creating home decorations like curtains and coasters.


5. Making cultural items for festivals and traditional events.

1. It Promotes creativity and hand skills.


2. It Encourages self-employment and small business.


3. It Preserves cultural heritage and identity.


4. It Helps learners to focus and be patient.


5. It Provides a fun and relaxing hobby.