Social Studies is the study of man and his relationship with his social and physical environment. It examines how people live together in a community, how they interact with their surroundings, and how they solve the problems of daily life.

social studies draws knowledge from various subjects such as geography, history, economics, civics, and sociology in order to help learners understand their society and become responsible citizens.

Social Studies was first conceived in the United States of America in the early 20th century as a way to prepare young people to become good citizens in a democratic society. It later spread to European countries, where it was adopted to teach learners about their society, culture, and environment.

After the Second World War, educators identified Social Studies as a subject that focuses on man and his problems, making it relevant for understanding human relationships, societal needs, and peaceful living.In Africa, Social Studies was introduced through educational reforms aimed at promoting unity, understanding, and development.

In Nigeria, it was formally introduced after the 1969 Curriculum Conference, which recognized the need for a subject that would help young people develop the right values, skills, and attitudes for nation building.

1. it Helps learners to understand their society and how it works.


2. It Teaches values such as honesty, tolerance, cooperation, and respect for others.


3. It Encourages unity and peaceful coexistence among people of different backgrounds.


4. It Develops problem-solving skills for dealing with personal and community issues.


5. It Promotes national consciousness and patriotism.


6. It Helps learners become responsible, active citizens.


7. It Encourages respect for cultural diversity and the environment.

1. It combines knowledge from many subjects.


2. It relates to real-life issues and experiences.


3. It focuses on finding solutions to social problems.


4. It changes as society changes.


5. It teaches morals, attitudes, and values.


6. It is concerned with man and his activities.

The scope of Social Studies covers a wide range of topics including:

1. Man and his physical environment – land, water, climate, vegetation.


2. Man and his social environment – family, community, government.


3. Civic responsibilities – duties and rights of citizens.


4. Cultural studies – traditions, customs, festivals, and heritage.


5. Economic activities – farming, trading, industries, occupations.


6. Contemporary issues – population growth, pollution, human rights, gender equality, technology, and globalisation.

• Geography – Provides information about the earth, climate, vegetation, and location.


• History – Gives knowledge of past events, which helps explain present situations.


• Economics – Explains how resources are produced, distributed, and consumed.


• Civic Education – Teaches about rights, duties, and responsibilities.


• Religious Studies – Promotes morals and values.